Systematic encouragement of steroid use

(I’m back from Phoenix!)

Nate Silver wrote

The moral panic over steroids has tended to cloud the underlying economic reality. There are a couple of points in a baseball player’s career where the financial rewards for improved performance are highly non-linear. One of these is when the player is on the cusp of establishing himself in the major leagues, and the other is when he’s due to hit the free agent market.

This is an outstanding point. I’ve talked here (and in the book) about how steroid use makes more sense on the margins, but it’s also true that contract years provide a massive incentive to go on them that year. Whether that means you go with an older drug or seek out something supposedly undetectable, the gains are potentially amazing.

Nate mentions reducing this incentive through better evaluations: teams should look at a player’s career and not weight the last year so heavily, and I certainly agree with that — but anyone who’s followed baseball knows that teams, as a group, don’t do a particularly good job valuing players rationally when it’s time to hand out checks.

But what Nate doesn’t mention is the other end: baseball’s massive incentive to cheat for players on the cusp of major leaguedom. There’s a solution to that, too, which is to make the minor leagues pay more. Right now, the difference is so huge that it makes a lot of sense to try and use steroids if that seems like the only way to make it to the next level.

The problem here is the players, as a group, have no incentive to do this. The MLBPA historically hasn’t represented minor league players who aren’t on a major league roster. A better evaluation of contracts for free agents potentially helps even the FA dollars out and, assuming that players do use those drugs during contract years, better distribute them to clean players. A significant increase in minor league pay will likely be opposed both by teams, who don’t have a collective bargaining unit beating them up over it, and by players, who see it as a cost that would lower the amount of money teams would have available to spend on payroll.

I’m interested to see if this issue’s addressed. If both sides were well and truly serious about reducing steroid use in the sport, removing incentives would make a huge difference, and this is a place where they’re directly weighing that greater good against the potential direct costs. I’d bet the direct costs win out, and we don’t see any significant action to improve the lot of marginal players.